![]() ![]() Length(encode('UTF-8', $scalar)) #LIMITATIONSīytes::substr() does not work as an lvalue(). But a more modern way is: use Encode 'encode' home > topics > perl > questions > sum of numbers in an array Join Bytes to post your question to a community of 471,303 software developers and data experts. Printf "Contents are %vd\n", $x # "Contents are 198.144 (onĬhr(), ord(), substr(), index() and rindex() behave similarly.įor more on the implications, see perluniintro and perlunicode.īytes::length() is admittedly handy if you need to know the byte length of a Perl scalar. Print "Length is ", length $x, "\n" # "Length is 2" Use bytes # or "require bytes bytes::length()" Printf "Contents are %vd\n", $x # "Contents are 400" Print "Length is ", length $x, "\n" # "Length is 1" However, in the scope of the bytes pragma, $x is treated as a series of bytes - the bytes that make up the UTF8 encoding - and length $x returns 2: $x = chr(400) Then it is marked as character data, so, for instance, length $x returns 1. No bytes can be used to reverse the effect of use bytes within the current lexical scope.Īs an example, when Perl sees $x = chr(400), it encodes the character in UTF-8 and stores it in $x. Or, if performance is needed and you are only interested in the UTF-8 representation: utf8::encode(my $utf8_byte_string = $string) My $latin1_byte_string = encode "Latin1", $string My $utf8_byte_string = encode "UTF8", $string The original usage can be accomplished by explicit (rather than this pragma's implicit) encoding using the Encode module: use Encode qw/encode/ Just insert this pragma temporarily, and remove it after the debugging is finished. ![]() ![]() Originally the pragma was designed for the loftier goal of helping incorporate Unicode into Perl, but the approach that used it was found to be defective, and the one remaining legitimate use is for debugging when you need to non-destructively examine characters' individual bytes. This pragma allows for the examination of the individual bytes that together comprise a character. Perl's characters are stored internally as sequences of one or more bytes. In that case, you may wish to read some of the perl Unicode documentation: perluniintro, perlunitut, perlunifaq and perlunicode. If you feel that the functions here within might be useful for your application, this possibly indicates a mismatch between your mental model of Perl Unicode and the current reality. Use of this module for anything other than debugging purposes is strongly discouraged. it exposes the innards of how the perl executable currently happens to store a string), the byte values that result are in an unspecified encoding. Bytes - Perl pragma to expose the individual bytes of characters #NOTICEīecause the bytes pragma breaks encapsulation (i.e. ![]()
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